Ancient Ghana, Mali, Songhai and Kongo created a commercial climate as competitive, profit driven and expansionist as any state in Europe. Was this Africa's Golden Age? Did Malians beat Columbus ...

The 15th century also saw the rise of the Songhai ... Africa’s kingdoms to defeat Ghana’s king, Sumanguru. He then began to conquer more land in the area, calling his new kingdom the Mali ...

Ancient Ghana, Mali, Songhai and Kongo created a commercial climate as competitive, profit driven and expansionist as any state in Europe. Was this Africa's Golden Age? Did Malians beat Columbus ...

Sudan was a loose term for a large area in sub-Saharan Africa usually ... FALL OF SONGHAY In the late 16th century Songhay slid into civil war. Echoing the fates of Ghana, Mali and Kanem.