Later it was found that the sugar in nucleic acid can be ribose or deoxyribose, giving two forms: RNA and DNA ... many proteins take the shape of an alpha helix, spiraled like a spring coil.

But the challenge is daunting: Each RNA molecule is tightly bound to an assembly of proteins which creates a double helix, forming a protective coat that is difficult to manipulate. For the first ...

Transcription is the process by which a cell makes an RNA copy of a segment ... of the DNA double helix where another ...