Some of this diversity is due to secondary processes, such as assimilation of compositionally distinct material by the basaltic magma. However, there is little doubt that part of the heterogeneity ...

If magma erupts on the surface as lava, it will form extrusive rock, e.g. basalt. These rocks are formed when magma solidifies. As the magma cools, mineral crystals will begin to grow. These ...

Though the volcano’s magma chambers could hold enough material for a caldera-forming event, none of them are likely to erupt ...

This type of magma is called “basaltic”, and it tends to produce pretty mild eruptions. Hawaii is also a basaltic hotspot, for instance. However, hotspots can also melt the material around ...

So, rather than using absolute ages to constrain the timescales of individual eruption durations, my research uses the width of a thermal imprint created by a magmatic intrusion to quantify the ...