Mutations involving cytosine can lead to various genetic diseases. For example, a point mutation where cytosine is replaced by thymine (C-to-T transition) is a common cause of genetic disorders. This ...

Other combinations of the atoms form the four bases: thymine (T), adenine (A), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). These bases are the rungs of the DNA ladder. (It takes two bases to form a rung -- one ...

Now, researchers at Harvard University have designed a new class of adenine base editors (ABEs) that can efficiently turn A-T into G-C, opening up the majority of pathogenic point mutations for ...

The thymine-adenine (T-A) base pair is held together by fewer hydrogen bonds compared to the guanine-cytosine (G-C) base pair, which has three hydrogen bonds. The complementary base pairing in DNA ...

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a linear molecule composed of four types of smaller molecules called ribonucleotide bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U). RNA is often compared ...

DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic mechanism in which a methyl group is added onto a nucleotide, commonly cytosine. DNA methylation affects many biological processes, including gene ...