Mutations involving cytosine can lead to various genetic diseases. For example, a point mutation where cytosine is replaced by thymine (C-to-T transition) is a common cause of genetic disorders. This ...
Chemical structure of guanine, showing its double-ring purine structure and the functional groups involved in hydrogen bonding with cytosine. (Image: Public Domain) Guanine has the chemical formula ...
DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic mechanism in which a methyl group is added onto a nucleotide, commonly cytosine. DNA methylation affects many biological processes, including gene ...
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