The strength of this electric dipole interaction is measured ... of charge would have zero dipole moment-- no matter what direction you apply the field in, you get the same total energy.

The optical Kerr effect is a well-known phenomenon in which an electric field creates birefringence ... shows that molecules with a permanent dipole moment do not necessarily provide a larger ...

Multiferroic materials, in which electric and magnetic properties are combined in promising ways, will be the heart of new ...