Fixed Rate: (from 1944 to 1971) After World War II, the Yen lost its value. To stabilize, the exchange rate of it was fixed at ¥360 per $1 as part of the Bretton Woods system that set an ...

In recent years, fixed or pegged exchange rates have been a factor in every major emerging ... while the use of hard pegs and more flexible arrangements rose (Chart 1). Proponents of the bipolar ...