Further hostilities broke out in the Second Opium War of 1856-58 when combined British and French forces again inflicted military defeats on China and demanded further concessions on trade.

The other flows from opium trafficking supported by the Taliban ... The ensuing decade-long war between the Soviets and the U.S.-backed mujahideen claimed farm-to-market roads, irrigation canals ...

However, the illegal fentanyl pipeline has switched from direct export into the U.S. to Mexico, where fentanyl is manufactured and then smuggled into the U.S. While synthetic opioids like fentanyl are ...

While synthetic opiods are a relatively new class of drugs, opium has a long destructive history in trade wars and warfare, beginning with the First Opium War. In his new history, Amitav Ghosh ...