Human activities, pollution, land use and development along coastlines, however, can put stress on these environments that may limit the rates of growth and reproduction of coastal flora and fauna.

Across the world, coastal regions and ecosystems are facing diverse environmental pressures from overexploitation, soil erosion, urban waste discharge and more. The consequences are equally ...

A broad definition of wetlands includes both freshwater and marine and coastal ecosystems, such as all lakes and rivers, underground aquifers, swamps and marshes, wet grasslands, peatlands ...