what the probability of having the disease given a positive screening test. Independence is a fundamental concept in probability and statistics. It underlies the assumptions of many statistical ...

Brief review of basic probability concepts in a measure theoretic setting: probability spaces, random variables, expected value, conditional probability and expectation, independence, Borel-Cantelli ...

a priori Probability: the probability that we determine from knowing the process by which the uncertain event happens (by logically examining existing information). Certain Event: event that is sure ...