THE concept of a sodium–potassium linked electrically neutral pump was first put forward by Hodgkin 1 for muscle and nerve. He suggested that a potassium ion might be transported into the cell ...

In muscle cells, the ER and the plasma membrane—the outer membrane of the cell—meet at periodic contact sites, an arrangement controlled by a molecule called junctophilin. Using high ...

Excitable cells, such as fast-acting neurons and muscle cells, have specialized channels that open in response to a signal and permit rapid ion movement across the cell membrane. The opening of ...

Cardiomyocytes consist of a complex membrane system that is subjected to high mechanical stress during heart muscle contractions. The so-called T-tubule network within the cells, which consists of ...